Report of the Pitt Rivers Museum 1931

Some new exhibition-cases and cabinets were added and many rearrangements of series with necessary relabelling were made. The difficulties arising from lack of adequate space become more accentuated every year, and it is more and more difficult to maintain a high standard of efficiency, such as may bring out the scientific value of the Museum.

Card-index catalogues have been brought up to date. The extensive collection of ethnological photographs, which have gradually accumulated, was taken in hand, and a start was made to have them uniformly mounted and classified for arrangement in a series of cases. When completed this collection will be very valuable for reference.

The course of lectures extending throughout the year was given by me to the students for the Diploma in Anthropology, and a short course of eight lectures was given to the Tropical African Services Students. Several persons engaged in research work have made use of the material available in the Museum. Visits paid to the Museum by parties of school children have increased in frequency, and there have been several organised parties of teachers and school inspectors.

I have continued my research-work upon Tasmanian stone implements, and hope soon to be able to publish the results. Other researches are being carried out as time permits.

The accessions form an imposing list: among those specially noteworthy are a very fine ancient Peruvian quipu, given by Dr. H.O. Forbes; an extensive collection from the Garo Hills, Assam, given by Mr. G.D. Walker; the very interesting collection made by Miss Beatrice Blackwood in the northern Solomon Islands and presented by herself; the numerous and important additions to the collections previously given by Dr. J.H. Hutton and Mr. J.P. Mills; many accessions from Nigeria, acquired through the kind interest of the Government and local administrative officials, resulting from my visit to Nigeria in 1930; and a visit to the Dordogne, in France, enabled me to purchase a number of palaeolithic types of implements, which considerably augment the teaching value of the prehistoric series in the Museum. A full list of accessions is appended.

ACCESSIONS BY DONATION.
Two spears with barbed iron tanged heads, Ba-lla, N. Rhodesia, wooden ball-headed club, S. Africa, bow of reindeer antler with backing of sinew cords, E. Eskimo, 3 stone-headed clubs (one knobbed, 2 discoidal), 15 long wooden-headed arrows, 3 ditto with bone points, one ditto tipped with cassowary's claw, one ditto with bamboo blade, bamboo combined transverse flulte and clapper, 3 large bamboo bows, bamboo tobacco pipe, hooped man-catcher, Kerepuna, S.E. New Guinea, boar's tusk ornament held in the mouth, Upper Fly R., New Guinea; 3 carved double-edged clubs, Massim Dist., carved canoe ornament with bird designs, S.E. New Guinea; carved paddle, Louisiade Archipelago, carved ornament with central grip used in canoes, Trobriand Island, 2 painted boat shaped dancing clubs, 2 bamboo fringed dancing staves, 3 carved and painted arrows, fishing trimmer, ornamental woven satchel, Santa Cruz, Melanesia, 3 bows, 4 wooden-pointed arrows, wooden club, New Hebrides; 2 sharp-edged wooden spatulate clubs, bone-barbcd palm-wood spear, shield of parallel rods, Guadalcanar, 2 long carved bone-barbed palm-wood spears Bougainville, carved painted paddle with human designs, Buka, Solomon Islands. Presented by Prof. Arthur Thomson, M.A. Native iron-smith's hammer, also used for tapping out words on the anvil, Yoruba, Abeokuta, Nigeria Presented by A. Hunt-Cooke. Two forked wooden bull-roarers, Yoruba, Oshogbo, socketed barbed iron harpoon head, Sobo, Okitipupa, old wooden carved paddle with clock-face design, ibid.; S. Nigeria. Presented by W.J.W. Norcott. Hand-made pottery bowl decorated with designs made with a roller, grooved stick, and comb, Umuez-e-Anam, Onitsh Prov., S. Nigeria. Presented by A.C. Swayne. Iron currency-bar still used for dowry, Dadiya, Tangale Dist., Bauchi Prov., currency-piece still used, especially for cereal purchase, Tula, E. Tangale, 2 iron currency-bars found with others buried under a hut floor (used in 17th and 18th cent. by Shirawa and Teshena people), Azare, Bauchi Prov., all N. Nigeria. Presented by T.C. Newton. Four small carved rollers for decorating pottery, Lango tribe, E. Sudan. Presented by T.A.C. Rubie. Large cocoon-cases of a silk moth with hank of silk-yarn and cloth woven of it and native cotton, Yoruba, Ado-Ekiti, Ondo Prov., S. Nigeria. Presented by L.H. Gretton. Group of 9 small brass objects used for magical purposes (chain, fetters, bow and arrow, &c.), Ijebu, Ijebu-Odo, S. Nigeria. Presented by S. Milburn. Guru, leather belt and charms worn by unmarried girls to prevent conception, Hausa, N. Nigeria; tamarind and salt-petre to mix with henna for staining the hands and legs of women, Hausa, Bida; forked knitting apparatus (" slipped loop ") for charm cords, Hausa, Zaria; pottery-making appliances for preparing, shaping, and ornamenting pottery, Kano; 3 round fan-like palm-leaf ornaments worn over the buttocks by women and girls, Berom tribe, Bawchi Plateau: all N. Nigeria. Presented by Lt. Com. A.C.G. Webb. Twelve ground stone celts from alluvial gravels, sub-circular quartz disc with central small hole (? currency), round piece of pottery with 15 small round depressions, 2 pieces of smelted iron, Akwatia; 34 perforated pebble discs found 5 feet deep in a gravel bed, large perforated stone maul found near the above with pottery, 2 flat ovate sandstone pebbles (natural), Emboni; all Gold Coast, W. Africa. 18 kissi pennies, rough T-shaped iron bars used as currency, Sierra Leone, near Liberian border. Presented by G.R. Nicolaus. Twelve discoidal rounded pieces of quartz with small central hole, found with many others (? currency) near a tree, Wurobong, N. Territory, Gold Coast, W. Africa. Presented by A.W. Cardinal. Iron pestle-shaped smith's hammer, 6 spindles with painted pottery whorls, 4 native-made saucer lamps, 2 roughly made bluk pottery pipe-bowls, samples of local leaf tobacco, ditto prepared and sweetened with honey, kaun potash mixed with pipe tobacco, camwood and powdered ditto (red dye), cake of latter wrapped in leaf, small skin flask with bead work, for antimony, small round carved box of gourd with lid, Yoruba, Ibadan; native made iron hanging lamp with 4 lips made by Ilishan smiths, Shagamu dist.: all S. Nigeria. Presented by P.F. Herbert Notched whistle with 3 stops of (?) jaguar tibia, Guiana. Presented by H.G. Beasley Whistle of reindeer phalangeal bone from the rock-shelter, La Madelaine; short thick flake worked to a point, Aurignacian, combined burin and "grattoir a museau" of Aurignacian type, La Ferrassie; Dordogne. Also implements collected by donor in the Dordogne, France, I 931, viz.:— Four end-scrapers, Upper Palaeolithic, 4 ridge-backed narrow ditto, Aurignacian, narrow-ended ditto on an outside flake, 5 large and 5 small "grattoirs a museau", 5 core-scrapers of "Tarte" facies, 4 hog-backed end-scrapers of carinate type, all Aurignacian, 3 concave scrapers, curved flake with a finely worked margin, flake with serrated edge, 4 broad flakes worked to a point, 3 burins of different types, ?Aurignacian, asymmetrical "grattoir carene"?, ?Aurignacian, implement of "grattoir carene" shape flaked on one side of dorsal ridge, flake with , zigzag flaking along central ridge, paint rubbing-stone with red-ochre deposit, 2 rubbing-stones, fragment of large animal's thigh-bone with scratches on the outer surface, Moustierian, group of unclassified flints: all Laugerie Haute; 5 end-scrapers; of duck-bill type, ?Aurignacian, thick rough end-scraper, broad tabular flake with thick margin worked at right angles to surfaces, ?Madelainean, block of roughly worked flint (?Large "grattoir carene'') 7 "grattoirs carenes" trimmed at one end, wedge-shaped core-scrapers and 8 "push-plane" types, 7 Aurignacian, 3 double scrapers of "Tarte" type with edges worked on alternate sides, and 2 steep-edged "grattoirs a museau", Aurignacian, coarsely serrated flake (? scutcher), 2 serrated flakes (?saws), 3 concave scrapers, circular biconvex discoidal (?small tortoise-core), 3 flakes worked at one end to a broad point, flake worked at one end to a trimmed point and with small "grattoir a museau" at one side, ? Aurignacian, 2 rough flakes with multiple points, 2 "grattoirs a museau" and 3 double ditto, Aurignacian, 4 burins and 2 double burins, long straight flake and a "plunging flake", piece of bone with cuts or abrasions on outer surface, ?Moustierian: La Ferrassie. Presented by H.V. Noone. Specimens found by donor at various sites on the Vezere, Dordogne, viz.:— Ten "duck-bill" flint scrapers, 2 end-scrapers, ditto on a rough curved flake, Madelainean; " grattoir a museau " of Aurignacian type, end-scraper with straight scraping edge, very thin flake with 2 steeply bevelled margins, 2 small rough carinate scrapers, combined end-scraper and burin, 10 burins, flake with one margin worked to a "bec de perroquet", smalI pointed flake of "chatelperron" type, flake worked along one end to form a ?scraper with a point at one side, small concave scraper, 7 narrow flakes ("gravette" points), 2 small drills, 2 "pointes à cran", thick flake worked over the anti-bulb surface, large core-scraper with steep scraping edge, large scraper flaked all over, nodular core worked all over, 2 discoidals flaked both sides, piece of serrated-edged flake (? saw), several unworked flakes, molar and incisor tooth of bison, 2 incisors of horse, reindeer molar, 2 phalangeal bones and part of the ulna-radial fusion with deep groove: all La Madelaine; 2 end-scrapers, and 2 rough carinate "grattoirs a museau", Laugerie; steep-angled "push-plane" with trimmed edge, very rough "grattoir a museau", Grottc de la Mouthe; "grattoir tarte", carinate flake with 2 partly trimmed points, unusual type of steep carinate burin, molar of horse, La Micoque. Voice-disguiser of curved brass tube with central hole and spider's web covering at each end, used for simulating the voices of ancestral spirits at the Maw ceremonies by the Ibo tribe, Anambra Creek, Onitsha Prov., S. Nigeria; large hank of very finely plaited hair-string, New Hebrides; specimen of local incense, Patani, Lower Siam; ambergris, S. Pacific; twin snuff-flasks made of cocoons on a bead-work necklet, Kaffir, Natal; bead-work necklet, ibid.; wooden baker's tally used in 1887, Lyons, France; two coin-testing balances folding into cases, early nineteenth century, English; balance for testing weight and quality of cereals, ibid.; 3 pairs of ears of domesticated reindeer with ownership notches, &c. (1888), Lapp, Elvenaes, Finmarken; 8 pieces of quartzite boulder showing stages in implement-making, Piney Branch, near Washington, U.S.A. Presented by H. Balfour, M.A., F.R.S. Specimens collected by Dr. A.F.R. Wollaston in Dutch New Guinea, viz.:— Two stone knives ground into thin blades, Hill Tribes, Utakwa R.; long gourd penis-sheath, Tapiro pigmies, Upper Mimika R.; decorated bamboo ditto, Coast Papuans, Lower Mimika R. Stone axe-blade with hafting-groove all round, Bolivia. Presented by L.C.G. Clarke, M.A. Specimens collected by donor in S. Nigeria, viz.:— "Dane gun'' muzzle-loading flint-lock musket, Iggadu Ezzi; sheath knife with sheath, Ezzi; large iron-bladed hoe tanged into short haft, Iyakoro; ditto, with round blade, Ezzi, Abakaliki; chief's iron staff with clapper-bells, Iyakoro; 2 tobacco pipes with cast-brass bowls, Bete, Obudu; brass currency rod, 9 slender Y-shaped iron currency pieces, Egedde tribe; two-stringed lute with gourd resonator and hide plectrum, Iyakoro; carved and painted wooden figure of seated woman with child, Ezza, Abakaliki; all Ogoja Prov.104 stone celts more or less ground, mostly much weathered, 33 with constrictions or notches fol hafting,pebble with broad rounded butt and rounded point slightly ground to a cutting edge, 2 pottery imitations of almond-shaped celts, 4 hammer-stones (2 with hafting constrictions), ground celt apparently used as a hammer, grind stone with square used edges, oval pebble used for grinding, 3 flat pieces of partly squared sandstone (?pottery burnishers) tapering stone (? reamer), ochreous stone scraped (?for pigment): all Iyala area; 14 stone celts (5 with hafting constrictions), Iyakoro area; part of a harnmer-stone, ibid., 6 stone celts (2 with hafting constrictions), Ishibori area: all Ogoja Prov.; small wooden carved animal, ?Ibibio,Calabar; wooden carving of woman with chilld on her back, Bamenda ?, N. Camerun. Also the following from the Munshi tribe, Benue Prov., N. Nigeria:— Ring-handled iron dagger, ring-handled weapon with curved tang and triangular blade concealed in the hand, ceremonial axe with narrow iron blade and haft mounted with brass cire-perdue castings, 2 tobacco pipes with ornamental black pottery bowls and wooden stems, pair of cotton cloth and fibre armlets mounted with small cast-brass " drops ". Presented by G.I. Jones. Magani, medicine secretly prepared from forest roots and used by fishermen to give immunity from crocodiles when eaten and smeared on the body, Kebbi, Argungu, Sokoto, N. Nigeria. Presented by R.J. Hussey M.A. Stone implements collected in the Plateau Province, N. Nigeria, viz.:— Three partly ground celts, Zogo R, Rumfan Gwabna; I ditto, Mongu R.; 1 ditto N'Gell R.; 9 ditto from alluvial gravels of the Delimi R., Jos Gangare; 2 ovate palaeoliths from same gravels, ibid.; I pointed palaeolith with round butt, 2 palaeoliths of "tranchet" type, and 7 flakes, ibid. Plateau Province, N. Nigeria. Presented by the Resident. Ground stone square-sided adze blade, Maori, N. Island, New Zealand. Presented by Major G. Booker. Whip made of branch of the lace-bark tree—the fibres beaten out and twisted into a lash, Jamaica; rattle from a rattle snake's tail, N. America. Presented by J.W. Westwell, M.A. Part of a sandstone neolithic celt with well-ground surface, Frilford, Berks.; part of rim of a ? Roman pottery bowl, Eynsham, Oxon. Presented by E.G.J. Hartley. Specimens collected by J. Backhouse about l 00 years ago, viz.:— Spear-thrower, S.W. Australia, c. 1837; wooden club with pear-shaped head, ditto with flat-rounded ogee sectioned blade, ditto with expanding head with projection and carved with interlacing designs, &c., S. Africa, e. 1839. Presented by W.B. Alexander. Curved pick-like hard-wood club bound with iron and weighted with a ring, ?Dahomey. Presented by A.W. Fuller. Small hand-made red pottery jug, Ibo, Inyi village; 2 voice-disguisers of pottery discs with perforation covered with spidcr's-web) membrane for simulating spirit voices, ditto of spear-grass with lizard-skin membrane at one end, ditto ditto with bat's-wing membrane, ditto ditto with spider's-web membrane over both ends, ditto ditto with ends covered with bat's wing and spider's web respectively, Ibo, Nobi village, Onitsha Prov., S. Nigeria. Presented by C.K. Meek, M.A. Length of ingeniously plaited leather thong cord. N. Nigeria Presented by Mrs. C.K. Meek. Winnowing basket of vannus type, gulel bamboo bullet-bow, patra bamboo hemming needle, model of guguchu, a perforated clay cylinder with cup-shaped depression at one end and the other covered with spider's membrane set in vibration by humming in the " cup "-end (used by children), Oraon, Chota Nagpur. Presented by Rai Bahadur Sarat Chandra Roy. Elaborately woven basket of split cane, 1890, large ditto of split-cane wicker, Bangkok, 2 folding note-books of "parabaik" white and black, 4 leaves of palm-leaf pali texts, small cane open-work child's football, Siam; neck of ornamented black pottery jar made of river mud, Lao, Cambodia; pith joss-stick, Swatow, coloured figure cut out of paper, China; lidded jar made of pulped camel-skin moulded on clay decorated with paper designs, Multan, Punjab; glass bottle for attar of roses, Turkish; rattle made of a large carved fruit-shell on a wooden handle, ? W. Africa. Presented by Mrs. Grindrod. Hand-loom for weaving palm-leaf strands, Tasman Island, Solomon Islands. Presented by General E. Wisdom. Fine ancient Peruvian quiipu, Lurin necropolis, Lima region. Presented by Dr. H.O. Forbes. Twenty neolithic stone celts, nyame akuma, from sites in, Gold Coast and Ashanti; pounder made of old iron-slag, Kutukrum, Fura R.; piece of stone slab pitted both sides from abrasions, large ditto deeply grooved both sides by grinding celts, Nsuta, Tarkwa; Gold Coast: stone ball for grinding beads, Togoland. Two hammer stones, one with finger-pits, cut across to show section, with mounted microscopic sections, Obuasi, Ashanti. Presented by Captain R.P. Wild.  Toy model of flat-bottomed boat used on lake at Hallstatt, Austria. Presented by 0.G.S. Crawford, M.A. Four palaeoliths of Chellean type (core implements) of chalcedony and quartzite, flake worked on one margin to a racloir-like tool, leaf-shaped flake with secondary flaking on one margin, 2 flakes worked to a point, 3 flakes one slightly trimmed; found on plateau, Somaliland. Presented by Captain H.W. Seton Karr. Pointed chert core-implement of Chellean type with rounded blltt, Bekka; serrated chert flake for sickle-edge, white chert blade shaped for hafting, 4 celts with surface grinding, Nahr el Kelb; I ditto ground near one end, Byblos; almond-shaped chert celt partly ground showing much battering; all Syria: chert cone-implement very rough with irregular edge, Rephaim valley; flake with roughly worked tang, (?) Ain Deheni; Palestine. Presented by R.B. von Heidenstrom. Two stone arrow-heads with broad tangs, N. America.Presented by M. Platnauer. Specimens collected by Col. P.H. Fawcett in S. America, viz.:— Four palm-wood bows, black stone axe hafted with wax and fixed in a flexible lath handle, Maxubi, Matto Grosso; string-work bag for pea-nuts, ibid.; necklet of freshwater mussel-shell discs, Matto Grosso; palm.wood slasher for cutting under-growth, 2 bead-strings worn by chiefs on the arm; Brazil. Six long feathered reed-shafted arrows with heads of bamboo (2), sting-ray spines (2), wood (single barb), and wood (triple point), Matto Grosso; chief's palm-wood sword-club, Guarayo tribe, Canpolican; three-ball bolas, Chaco; 2 long reed war-arrows with multi-barbed palm-wood foreshafts, ancient llama-wool sling, well-made miniature models of speat and bow, ? Chaco; axe with flaked stone blade hafted through a hole in shaft with hide covering, Chaco; modern carved stone figure (forged antique), Tiahuanaco; 3 necklets of teeth and string-work; Bolivia. Small black pottery vessel with face in relief (forgery), L. Titicaca. Natural pod of brazil-nuts. Presented by Mrs. P. H. Fawcett. Plaster-cast of the "Venus " of Vesternice (Upper Aurignacian) from Vesternice (Wisternitz), Moravia. Presented by Prof. K. Absolon. Six ubeje, Y-shaped currency-units now mostly used for ceremonial offerings (e.g. as funerary grave offerings), N. Nigeria. Presented by J. Noel Smith. Six "tula pennies" iron currency-units of pointed spade form used by the Tula tribe, E. Tangale dist., Bauchi Prov., N. Nigeria. Presented by R.S. Davies. Two voice-disguisers made of bone tubes with one end covered with spider's-web membrane, used for simulating spirit voices by the Ikhan Secret Society, Abanliki clan, N. Boki tribe, Ogoja, S. Nigeria. Presented by Dr. P.A. Talbot, D.Sc. Socketed iron spud used as a gong for dances in Igogo (harvest) ceremonies, Yoruba, Ondo Prov., S. Nigcria; bell-shaped iron gong used as above, ibid. Presented by Major E. M. Milbourne. Distaff, rucca, made of a small tree with branches trained and trimmed to a 4-spiked head to hold wool for spinning, Castrillo del Val; oak shuttle for hand-loom with rotating bobbin, Villafranca; set of 4 loop-heddles with long "comb", and piece of woven cloth, iron crusie lamp with double pan, Galarde; Bulgos, N. Spain. Presented by Mrs. Aitken. Painted composite bow with 25 arrows, N. India; spring snare for mice, &c. ?Siam. Presented by Donald Gunn Iron comb with handle at right-angles used as " beater in" for carpet-making, Tientsin. Presented by G.R. Carline. Objects chiefly collected by donor in the Northern Solomon Islands, viz.- Twelve ground stone almond-shaped axe- or adze-blades, 1 thick ditto with hafting-notch, 3 subrectangular ditto, ditto hafted with cane handle bent round it and with spathe wrappings (a prized ceremonial gift), 12 stone axe-blades, stone axe with hafting-notches, 6 ditto ditto with double notch on one margin, ditto with 2 hafting spurs at angles on upper margin, large similar ditto with upper margin extended upwards, Bougainville and Buka Islands; long narrow smooth stone formerly used as a hone for stone axes, Ratsoa, N. Bougainville; large heavy stone nut-crusher, akon, Petats Islahd. Fire-making (ploughing method), Cassowary leg-bone spike to split palm leaves for thatch, 2 flat pointed implements of dolphin jaw bone used as above, 2 univalve shells, awiur, with round hole for for peeling (shaving) taro, Kurtachi; part of a pearl-shell valve used for same purpose, Buka and N. Bougainville; leaves used for smoothing bows and arrows, Konda dist., N. Bougainville. Two cyrena shell valves used as spoons, Petats Island; clay used for pottery, flat round stone and broad wooden spatula used for making pottery, valve of shell with serrated edge, katsibelo, for decorating pottery, 3 pottery vessels with pointed bases, 2 elliptical bowls with 2 lips, 5 sherds of modern decorated pottery, Malasang village; 3 ditto of decorated pottery Sohana Island: all Buka. Two round-based plain pots, Buin; serrated shell coco-nut-grater fixed on an old paddle-blade on which operator sits, model of single-outligger canoe, 2 nets on cane frame for reef-fishing, very fine ancient net for cane frame, very fine net on 2-sided frame, string landing-net, totol, on a branch fork frame, coco-nut bait-bowl, 2 basket fish-scoops, stem of the Karieb creeper, bark, fibre, and string made from it, bag, pora, of fine netting, basket of plaited coco-nut palm leaflets attached to midrib, rough ditto ditto for tobacco, &c, small fire-fan of plaited palm leaf on midrib, 2 pinna shell valves with black and red pigment for decorating face and body, small gourd paint.holder, large humming-top of coco-nut shell, child's doll made of a pebble, 2 shell clapper bells with dog's-tooth clappers worn by widows, man's large bamboo jews' harp, Triton-shell side-blast trumbet, tsuwing, large cylindrical wooden trumpet, mabu or aura, carved in low relief and painted with perforated coco-nut-shelI mouth-piece, syrinx, ka-ur, of graduated reed-pipes, 3 ditto of bamboo pipes, notched flute, piu, of bamboo with 2 stops, 2 wooden bull-roarers, gueir, for the wapi ceremony, woman's musical bow with one string, Kurtachi. Model of canoe, mon, of laced planks, ' putty-nuts ' used for caulking the mon, 6 barbless wooden fish-hooks, Tabut village; 12 fish-hooks with turtle-shell points and shell shanks, 1 ditto ditto with 2 strings of beads attached with magical intent, palm-leaf fishing-kite complete with lines and spider's web lure, ditto without accessories, woman's hood, toh or jilloh, of pandanus and red-dyed kara leaves worn as sun- and rain-shields, ditto with red and black strip embroidery, cluster of shell bells with small shell clappers, jingle of 4 shells (one with 2 dolphin-tooth clappers), ditto of shells, some with dog's tooth- and bead-clappers, man's syrinx, ahitch, of reed pipes, syrinx, akot, with pipes bound in a bundle, Petats Island; 4 lulut spiders—the web used for fishing lures, bamboo frame for collecting lulut web, large wooden mesh-gauge for making game-nets for wild pig, Hahon dist.; twill basket of palm-leaf with midrib attached, Konua; large oval coiled cane-work basket, Buin; red ochre pigment, faceted stone paint-grinder, 8 coco-nut flasks, iav, with engraved and whitened patterns, I ditto with human figures, similar lime-flask rubbed with white and red pigments, Kalcariripai; lime-gourd covered with plaited black and yellow strips, Topararai; 3 nutshell spinning-tops, Konua: all Bougainville. Three garfish as caught by kite-fishing, conical fish-trap of thorny calamus rachides, Pororan Island; 6 pottery tobacco pipes red and black (2), Buka. Root of riro tree used for red dye, white sea-weed, moh, for painting canoe and paddles, Buka and N. Bougainville; root, tomoin, for dyeing fibre yellow, puzzle-cross of 2 palm-leaf strips, puzzle of 2 folded pieces of palm leaf slit into strips and interlaced, long hollow rounded wooden gong with narrow slit mouth and carrying-lugs, stamper for log-gongs made of slit canes designed to clash on striking gong, buzzing toy made of palm-leaf stretched across a small bow and whirled on a cord, Tabut, N. Bougainville. Large conical fish-trap, evu, of reed-mat construction stretched open with a cane-ring, Solomon Islands; netted bag with forehead-band, Choiseul, ibid. Three large semicircular fans of stitched palm leaves for fanning fires, driving off flies, as protection from sun and rain, and to wave at dances, Maua, E. Bougainville. Two valves of " gold lipped oyster ", meleagrina, prized and used as currency, New Britain; 2 small white univalve shells rubbed down and strung as currency, Petats Island; long string of buffshell-disc money, Manus, Admiralty Islands; ditto, mostly of white discs, 2 Trochus-shell armlets used as currency, Petats Island; porpoise-teeth mounted on string-work kept in red ochre and used as currency (bride-price and ceremonial dues), similar currency made of flying-fox (Pteropus) teeth, waris, belt banana fibre patterned in black, white, yellow, and red, formerly worn by women on death of a notable, carved and painted wooden model of a bonito placed in the canoe-shed with a hook in the mouth to give success to the fishing by magic, Tabut village; bamboo tube of red ochre used as currency, Konua dist.; tally stick for recording village pigs, two bivalve-shell tweezers for face-hairs, man's bamboo hair-comb, chip chip, engraved and rubbed with lime, Kurtachi; ditto carved with a face in low relief, Konua; rough bamboo hair-comb with white and black feathers, Kieta dist.; Bougainville. Three armlets of trochus shell also used as currency, 2 narrow belts, pos, of black and white ? palm-leaf strip with fringe behind, for dances, 5 small turtle-shell rings, hahakot, worn round the ear-lobe, V-shaped ear-pendant of cane and Nassa shells, small disc pendant, perin, of white shell, overlaid with a delicately patterned thin plate of turtle-shell, ditto of Tridacna shell worn at feasts and in fights, Petats Island. Armlet, pog-a-toh, of pandanus leaf-strip, archer's guard made of a Ficus root wound on wood till dried by fire and sun, belt of coloured palm-leaf strip, ditto of string-work over cane, onon, belt-flap of bark decorated with shells, with bead and shell pendants, worn by widows, 2 ditto without pendants but with shell clapper-bell, wops, girl's red cane belt with designs made by " stopping out " before dyeing, worn at first menstruation, ditto without pattern, palm-leaves overlaid with red-dyed leaves cut in patterns, kept hidden from women, carved and painted figure of a girl as carried in watawutch boy's initiation ceremony, similar figure of a pregnant woman, elliptical black pebble with which woman's abdomen is rubbed before birth of child, ditto coloured red and buried in taro patch to promote growth, 2 titi ure cocoons hung round babies' waists to promote growth, coco-nut-shell for fresh- and sea-water and leaves for rain-making, Kurtachi. Leaf-strip armlet, ditto unfinished armlet, pus pus, with pattern representing a man, coloured parrot-feathers worn by women at ceremonies, Upi boy's high hat into which the hair is tucked as it grows, worn by adolescents (7 to 18 years), ditto over-laid with red-dyed leaf-patterns, kiwar palm-leaves dyed red for above, sample of boy's hair, Konua, N. Bougainville. Six armlets, pus-pus, of plaited coloured strands, necklet of beads strung on plaited horse-hairs, Buin; 15 pendants of white shell discs overlaid with turtle-shell open-work, 3 ditto; each on a porcelain disc, carved and painted figure (?girl) carried in watawutch ceremony, ditto of a woman, model of a fish in black pottery 3 for bonito-fishing magic, Ruri: all Bougainville. Six clam-shell bars worn through the nasal septum, Buka and Bougainville, stone fish model with packet of red ochre for fishing magic, Pororan Island, Buka; large fusiform stone, perhaps a grindstone for stone axes, but placed in a garden to make durun tubers grow, Petats Islands; 2 valves of meleagrina oyster used for ornament and currency, New Britain.  The following were collected by donor outside the above area:—  Network bag with forehead-band, Choiseul Islands; ditto carrying bag, Solomon Islands; tridacna-shell axe-adze hafted with cane-work collar to an adjustable angular haft, long stone-axe haft of cane bent double, woman's fringe skirt, wooden betel-nut mortar kong, carved below into a female figure, ditto with kneeling figure, long-necked lime-gourd with carved bone spatula, Rook Island, W. of New Britain. Ornament of 2 large ovulum shells with festoons of native shell-money worn before the face when fighting with intent to kill, Arawe; currency of strung leg-joints of green beetles, New Britain. Five ground stone celts, ceremonial carved wooden imitation of a trade-axe, unit of currency composed of half a nut-shell in a trade-bead frame attached to a string of shell-beads, string of native shell- and trade-beads for measuring above currency, Lessu, E. coast of New Ireland. Roll of plaited native fibre-cord, Tasman Island; model of an outrigger canoe, carved wooded canoe bailer, ditto foodbowl with lugs, Anchorite Islands; 2 models of outrigger canoes, Matty Island; 2 small ground stone celts, comb with bamboo teeth set in composition with designs of crocodile's head and human face, Admiralty Islands. Small model of out-rigger canoe, dolphins'-teeth necklet on sennet, necklet of dolphins' and grampus teeth, Suva; tambua, old red-stained whale tooth strung on a sennet cord: all Fiji. Two ground stone adze-blades, Waikato, N. Island; cutting edge of stone adze, Taranaki, N. Island; round butt-end of grey ditto, ibid.; chert (?) flake trimmed to a diagonal scraper or burin, Dunedin beach; 6 stone flakes found with fragments of Moa bones, ibid.; piece of Moa bone grooved with stone tool, ibid.: all New Zealand. Two pairs of calf-skin shoes, pampooties, Arran Islands, Ireland. Presented by Miss B. Blackwood, B.Sc., M.A. Objects collected by donor in the Garo Hills, Assam, viz.:— One hundred and eight ground stone celts—some with more or less shaped tangs, iron-bladed spear selu, 2, slender iron 2 edged swords with rod cross-guard, milam, conical thorn-lined fish-traps, asok, bottle-shaped ditto with points converging inwards, basketry fish-scoop, chekki fish-harpoon head, detachable, on bamboo shaft, rake with loop head for spreading padi to dry, 2 rakes, jakenbrak, of split bamboo, iron chisel on long shaft for hollowing drums, 2 large blankets of rough bark-cloth, simphak, 2 round grooved bark-cloth mallets, phanil, complete loom with cloth partly woven, spatulate beater, dokblak for pottery making, spherical rice cooking-pot, medik, pottery vessel, samdik, for vegetables, pair of bamboo piston-bellows with clay nozzle, bamboo drinking-pot with scraped ornament, ditto with basal spike to stick in the ground, rain-shield, nikhing, of leaves and cane-work, folding umbrella, rejak, of palm-leaf, large round conical-lidded basket, rice-baskets, round basket with waist of latticed bamboo-strip, 2 very large lidded baskets for loads, bamboo split and woven into a receptacle at one end for carrying oranges or holding a young pig when sacrificed, model of house step-ladder carved out of a log with carved head at the top, model of a thatched pile-hut with ladder, bamboo spring-clapper worked by a long string for scaring birds, ditto, withapthap, for the hand, short bamboo with terminal tuft of shavings carried at dances, similarly ornamented bamboo with conical holder of split rays for carrying burning resin at dances, small cylindrical double-membrane drum, large ditto, dama, large semi-oval pottery drum, nagra, the membrane lashed to a base-ring, round bowl-shaped metal gong, end-blast trumpet of buffalo-horn, 2 transverse flutes of bamboo with 3 stops, unfinished bamboo flageolet with 5 stops, small wooden fiddle cut from the solid, hollowed and partly covered with skin and with 3 strings, length of thin bamboo finely engraved, 3 small flat brass penannular armlets, brow fillet, kadastl, of narrow striped cloth with embossed brass plates, fillet, kohang, with coloured pattern, girl's small triangular hair comb to hold feather-plumes for dances, srnall iron razor, 2 tubular purse-belts of striped cloth, 3 cloth pouch-bags of patterned cloth, I large ditto with basket-work woven pattern, Garo. Cane-work war-shield sepi, long wooden tapering barrel-drum, dama, Rengsangiri; decorated wooden dance-shield, sepi-bolkhing, woman's necklet of old carnelian beads and pellet bells worn at festivals, Digrangiri; decorated dance-shield, Thongbolgiri; iron hoe blade, gitc/I, axe, abhi nengsok, with hollow back and square axial projection tanged into the end of a cane haft, 3 sets of bamboo fire-making apparatus (sawing method), wal~du-raa, small tanged S-shaped hooked knife, ketal, bamboo clapper of 2 half canes on a cross-strut jerked with a string to scare birds, man's red-striped blue loin-cloth, Rongjeng; axe, rua phasrok, tanged into a clubbed haft, Bamongir; 3 pairs of bamboo ember-tongs, Daningkha; bamboo netting-needle and mesh-gauge, Taipigiri; piece of unbaked pot with imprint of cloth, Aruaknokat; model of dug-out canoe with paddle, Nitai R.; bamboo tube to hold woman's hair and placed above fireplace by an enemy ,to cause her death, Matchi Garo; necklet, rikgitok, of strings of carnelian cylinder-beads with agate pendants, necklet, ripok, of strings of white shell beads, 2 woman's waist-belts, sengkhi of shell-bead strings with bone spacers, woman's loin-cloth, ganna ripok, of blue and red stripes with shell-bead edging, Dinangpara; ditto, batreng nekhing, of orange, red, and blue lines, Mymensingh dist.; gando, man's narrow ditto, blue and red striped, Gaturragiri; ditto of blue with red stripes, 2 ganna, woman's cloths of dark blue with red stripes and central white stripe, Emangiri; 2 bima reking, woman's petticoats of 2 blue and central red band, Gaturragiri; lalangap woman's cloth red and blue stripes with white ornamented panel, Chibok Garo; girl's loin-cloth of blue with red and white stripes and lines, Atonggaro, khancha, blue cloth with small white panels elaborately worked in colour, Dokhigiri; all Garo. Presented by G.D. Walker.  Rare heavy shell armlet from a grave, Nicobar Islands; S-shaped pick-like iron hoe with tanged spud at the handle end, feathered and nocked arrow with blunt bamboo head for bird shooting, ditto with barbed iron head, bamboo flageolet with 5 stops, fire-drill with rag tinder, Sawara tribe, Mumising, Vizagapatam, E. India. Bamboo fire-making outfit (sawing process), feathered and nocked arrow with barbed iron blade, small lidded basket, Poraja tribe; tubular cane-work rat-trap, cast metal ornamental hair-comb, Mariya (Gond) tribe; small round tray of stitched rice-grains, Jagdalpur; pair of baldrics with bags worn cross-wise and 2 armlets all covered with cowries worn at dances, Bhattra tribe; Bastar State, C.P. India. Rough small models of spear, bow, axe, and gun placed with (? propitiatory) food offerings by paths " to protect the road ", l small bird-shaped black pottery lamp, no locality; quartz pebble pottery-burnisher, near Mandalay, Burma; II bamboo blow-guns with rag-feathered darts, Palni Hills, Madura, Madras. Also objects collected by donor in the Naga Hills, Assam, viz.:—Hair-crested conical red cane-work hat, similar ditto, pair of narrow cylindrical spiked bronze armlets, ditto with 2 rows of spikes, ?Chang; woman's gauntlet of bamboo with brass bands, Chang; cane-work hat with bushy hair crest, ?Ao; tobacco pipe with conical iron bowl, 2 brass ditto, old skin-covered palm-wood tinder-box with flint and steel, Mokokchung; basket-making bone spike, Longsa; spirit-scare of spatlle roughly representing a face, girl's spiral brass head-rings: all Ao. Large flat penannular wooden breast-ornament decorated with cut coloured paper arcs, collar of beads with bone spacers and conch-shell terminals, ditto without the terminals, ditto without spacers with the conch-shell bead terminals, woman's thin brass penannular bangle, ? Angami; woman's large brass head- or ear-rings, pair of small brass penannular bangles, woman's heavy ditto with projecting points, girl's ditto, Khonoma; woman's ditto, Tengima; pair of brass bangles with bugle ends: all Angami. Chaplet of bear-skin with cane spikes for hornbill feathers, 2 panji-basket dance-tails with long goat's-hair fringes, ?Sema; man's pair of heavy small penannular brass bangles, Sema; tasselled panji-born dance-tail, ditto with goat's-hair ornament, 3 brass neck-rings with embossed human-head projections, large wooden tobacco pipe with fluted egg-shaped bowl ornamented with brass plates, 9 wooden ditto with faces carved on bowl and animal or human figures in the round on the stem, Konyak;1 ditto ditto, I wooden calabash-shaped pipe, Phom; bead-work necklace with 10 bone spacers, convex oval brass pendant with human features in relief and bead strings, ditto with string tie-cord, shallow-bowled bamboo pipe with fine engraved designs, ovoid wooden tobacco-box with deeply cut reliefs of men and tigers over the surface, Wakching: all Konyak. Projecting wooden dance-tail profusely ornamented with coloured wool coix seeds, beetle elytra, and black grass fringes, Rengma, Tesiphenyu. Brass hair ornament imitating a horn bill feather, 2 brass pipes with footed egg-cup bowls elaborately ornamented with rope patterns, similar pipe with ornamented extension of stem curving up in front to the bowl-rim, large pipe of wood and horn, imitating European type with curved stem, 3 wooden pipes with footed egg-cup bowls, one with brass band round the "foot", small conical pipe of black pottery with brass-bound foot, 2 conical pipe-stems of white metal, 2, ornamental brass ditto cast by cire-perdue process, gourd flask, tui bu-thei, for tobacco-water, Saiyang; ditto covered with deer's scrotum, Mechangbung; small X-shaped brass tinder-box and steel, small ditto of woven bamboo-strip with black glossy surface, large flat round wooden dish with 2 lugs, cylindrical wooden pot and lid, each with (corresponding) lugs for carrying-cord, copy of a leather cuirass with arm-holes and shoulder-straps, Thenjol; pair of wrist ornaments of overlapping brass sheet, Sailhim: all Thado Kuki: horn powder-flask with carved cap and measure, ? ibid.; cannon of rolled raw-hide, ? Kuki. Ear ornament made of 2 brass cartridge cases, Tangkhul; pair of wide cylindrical bronze penannular armlets with stud-like projecting ornaments, Kalyo-Kengyu; small pottery urn with plug lid of pottery ornamented with black lines, ?ibid.; rice-beer spoon with conical bowl of white wood, ? Angami; jaw of monitor lizard for rubbing nettle-stings, &c., Kacha Naga; small blackened wooden beaker on 4 legs carved from the solid, pair of small brass penannular solid bangles, ibid.; small bronze chattie with lid of iron plate, Thado Kuki, Chingjang; pair of heavy penannular brass bangles, Tangkhul; large armlet of elephant leg bone, ? Phom; cylindrical bamboo tobacco pipe with finely engraved designs, ?Lhota; large costume figure carved of light wood representing a seated Konyak with hat ornaments, &c.; neck-ornament of brass, cane, and 3 tiger's-teeth, ? S. Sangtam; man's triangular bone hair-pin, Thado Kuki, Tesangki. Cylindrical spiral brass wristlet, pair of flat cogged bangles, pair of reel-shaped thin brass armlets, I ditto flanged, pair of larger ditto of ?bell-metal, large globular 4-legged lidded basket, similar cylindrical basket, small ditto, Naga Hills. Scissor-snare for birds, Kacha, Peleme; man's carrying-basket, dangsa, ornamented with small carved wooden human heads and a human figurine with dyed hair-tufts, Konyak, Wakching; handle of an obsolete dao with dyed-hair ornament, ?Konyak; defensive belt of spathe with expanded quadrangular area plated with brass, ?Naga Hills. Also, pair of cylindrical black ear-plugs with coloured cane-strip, &c., inlay patterns, Tangkhul, Manipur; brass pot with inverted conical body and flanged mouth, pedestallcd chatty-shaped ditto, pair of small brass cymbals, Manipur. Small round black lacquered shield with crescent and 4 bosses of brass, Khasi, Assam Presented by Dr. J.H. Hutton, C.I.E. Objects collected in the Naga Hills, Assam, viz.:— Pair of leather war-gauntlets, copies of the original, Tesophenyu; man's white cotton baldric with coloured designs, Tseminyu; woman's skirt of black with pink lines, girl's distinctive black cloth with cowrie circles and red-dyed dogs'-hair tufts, ibid.; embroidered blue and red cloth of a man who has taken heads, Lephori; ditto, Meluri; 3 woman's distinctive skirts of red and blue with dots representing cattle killed at a feast, Sohenu; 2 woman's distinctive skirts of embroidered white and blue cloth, Meluri; ditto ditto of dark blue with white bands worked with dyed dog's-hair, ibid.; woman's white cloth with blue and red lines and cross-lines, ibid.; man's distinctive cloth of red with black bands and stripes and white lines, embroidered, ibid.; 3 woman's distinctive skirts of dark blue with pink lines and white panel, embroidered, Tseminyu; 2 red cane-work gauntlets, ditto leggings of a man who has taken heads, and ditto hat with dyed goat's-hair fringe, of a man who has taken heads, Meluri; dark blue pink-line lengta, Kotseny; dancing lengta with cowrie overlay and small brass gong, Meluri; white baldric with woven coloured designs worn by a man who has taken heads, Tseminyu; 2 ditto ditto, Sahupyu; pair of ditto, Meluri small iron razor, and bamboo - hair-cutting mallet, alethe woman's composite comb, man's double ditto, 2 axe-headed daos, 2 dao-carriers of block form, Meluri; wooden baton club, atazu, Tesophenyu; looped bamboo hoe, bamboo rice-beer spoon, small cane jews-harp, man's cane flute with single finger stop, Sahunyu; ear-ornament with dyed hair tassel worn by one who has taken a head, pair of ditto, young man's neck ornament of fine grass-work, woman's bamboo drinking cup, man's ditto, large bamboo cattle-bell, Meluri; large wooden pedestalled cup of foreign pattern, 2 flat wood strainer-spoons for drinking rice-beer lees, socketed iron spear ead, Tseminyu: all Rengma. Bamboo drinking vessel, Phom, Monanyu village: white belt with designs in coloured wool, Khuzama; ditto, Mima; ditto; Kigwema: all W. Angami; woman's blue red-edged cloth, Cheswezumi; 2 girl's black skirts with red ornament on a white panel, Purabami; 3 ditto, Phakekedzumi; woman's ditto, Pfutse-ro; woman's black skirt with thin white lines, 2 wooden rice-beer spoons, small basket-dish for relishes, Cheswezumi: all E Angami; woman's black skirt with white panel and with orange stripes, woman's black cloth with green and pink stripes, ditto of white with pink and black stripes, 2 wooden shallow-bowled rice-beer spoons with sinuous handles, Kohima; girl's cloth of white with coloured designs, edged with black cloth with pink and green lines, Kigwema; poor man's white cloth with close black lines, girl's patterned white cloth with black sides striped pink and green, ditto, Zhakhama; man's cloth of pale brown and black stripes, Khonoma; girl's coix-seed necklace, Rekroma; 5-tongued cane flail for coix-seeds, large buffalo-horn drinking vessel with yellow paper ornamental band, Phesama; 2 food dishes of a split gourd, Mima; small bamboo fork for removing stupified hornets from a comb, Sachema: all W. Angami; woman's white skirt with a few red and black lines, Khomi; curved iron razor, oval wooden bat-with handle for sizing thread, Losami, E. Angami; rich woman's black skirt with blue stripes, Changki; ditto festival skirt of red, black, and blue lines with plaid effect, edged with pellet-bells, Akhoia; ditto skirt of black with red lines, Longchang; ditto festival cloth of black with blue and red lines and red dog's-hair embroidery, Longsa; 2 ditto cloths of black, blue, and red stripes and lines, ditto skirt of red with blue bands, ditto cloth of red with black bands and stripes, woman's distinctive cloth of red with black stripes and black and red patterned bands, man's distinctive cloth of red and blue stripes, Ungma; man's plaid-like black and white cloth, Changtongia; man's distinctive cloth of black, red, and blue stripes, Chuchu Yimlang; ditto of black and red stripes with white band painted with designs in black wax, Longsa: all Ao; woman's skirt of indigo and red bands, Nagatomi; ditto ditto with yellow lines, Lumitsanli; ditto of indigo with yellow lines, ditto of red with yellow, black, and blue lines and stripes, Ao chagalimi; woman's distinctive skirt similar to above, Sasatami; rich woman's skirt of red with yellow-edged blue bands embroidered in colours, Senakasami; ditto cloth of indigo with blue stripes and fringe decorated with green beetle elytra, Sakhalu; girl's cloth of indigo richly embroidered with green beetle elytra, Tsivikapotomi; rich man's cloth of black and red stripes with large corner-tassel of dyed goat's-hairs and yellow orchis stem, Sakhalu; man's distinctive cloth of indigo with 4 narrow white panels woven with coloured designs, Kilomi: all Sema; girl's skirt of pink, black, and white stripes, Benroumi; man's distinctive cloth, kherempai, of white with black and pink bands; man's similar cloth of white with ribbed warp, man's forked cane hair ornament, Tesenmi; girl's breast-cloth of black with cowrie and red dog's-hair rosettes and fringe of green beetle elytra, ibid.; ditto of same type, Benroumi; girl's dance cloth of black, red, and white stripes, man's rough wooden hand-mirror, Pelekima; conical drinking vessel of bark, ibid.; oval wooden-footed vessel for snacks carved of one piece, small clarinet of cane with 3 finger-stops, Benroumi: all Zemi; young man's white cloth with red and black stripes, girl's red wool ear-ornaments with variegated tassels, Henima; woman's white skirt with pink and black lines, young man's cloth with red and black stripes, Nchandramai; girl's dance-skirt of red, black, and white stripes, Injoumai; 2, married woman's skirts of white with pink and black stripes, Ngaulong: all Lyengmai; woman's indigo skirt with pale blue panel, Tsingaki; ditto ditto with narrow panel, Yimpang; similar ditto; Lungtsung; woman's plaid-like marriage-cloth of red, black, and blue stripes, Pangti: all Lhota; woman's narrow vari-coloured striped skirt, rich woman's ditto embroidered, Shiong; woman's distinctive skirt of black, white, and red stripes, embroidered, Kamahu; large wooden imitation buffalo-horn trumpet, Tanhai: all Konyak; rich man's light blue cloth with red, black, and white stripes, Chang, Yongyimti; warrior's cloth of indigo and red with green, black, and white stripes elaborately woven and embroidered, Panso; woman's distinctive skirt of indigo with white lines, Laruri: all Kalyo Kengyu; 2 warrior's cloths of indigo with red dog's-hair embroidered squares, brass gong-disc for a lengta, Sampurre; indigo cloth with pink marginal lines, Phelungrr; lidded bamboo carrying-pot for food, bamboo rice-dish, 2 pedestalled wooden meat-dishes carved from the solid, Kizare; 3 man's bamboo flute with single finger-stop, Yisi: all Sangtam; brass tobacco pipe with egg-cup bowl and hornbill figure cast by cire-perdue process, ornamentally woven revolving wicker fan, Thado Kuki, Kanduma village. Also the following from Assam and frontier regions, viz.:- Girl's set of 7 amuletic bronze girdle-plates with cast ornament, old woman's set of 11 brass ditto wilh elaborate raised patterns, witch-doctor's shield-like bronze ornament worn on the neck behind, man's similar flat chest-ornament with 3-pointed projection, smaller ditto, man's bronze chest-ornament resembling 5 cane-wrapped tubes, small quatrefoil bronze ornament with boss, placed on a dying man's chest, woman's penannular bronze cylindrical bracelet representing cane-work, man's ditto with rows of round knobs, man's penannular bronze ditto expanding towards the ends, man's ditto with round convex surface, man's ditto with a band of raised cogged ornament, Minyong Abor; brown bamboo quiver with cane sling containing 8 barbed iron-headed poisoned arrows, nocked and feathered, ?Abor; dao of sword type with brass-bound leather and cane-work scabbard, ditto with T-shaped handle and open wooden sheath with cane bands across, small oblong ceremonial wicker shield with wooden boss, woman's dao (chopper), small light barrel-drum lashed with cane and with bamboo drum-stick, small bell-shaped wood rattle or drum with lizard-skin membrane containing pellets, small horn trumpet, primitive flageolet with 6 finger-stops and thumb-stop, woven bag of black and silver with elaborately worked lozenge designs, Digaru Mishmi; sword-dao with open wooden sheath with cane bands across, Mishmi; ditto of Shan type with flat open sheath of brown wood carved at the bottom and cane sling, Tilak (N. Konyak), all Sadiya Frontier Tract. Rice-beer syphon made of a gourd and a cane rod, Khelma Kuki; monochord fiddle made of a small coco-nut covered with membrane with wooden stem and cord and bow of horse-hairs, Zemi Naga, Asalu; bamboo flageolet with cylindrical bamboo mouth-piece and 7 finger-stops, Zemi, Longkai; monochord fiddle with body of a bamboo cup covered with spathe, with bamboo stem, fibre cord, and cane bow, 2 carved wooden conical clarinets with cane stem, 6 stops, and slit reed vibrating tongue, primitive bamboo side-flute with cane slip over the 'voice hole', bamboo flageolet with 5 stops and cylindrical bamboo mouthpiece, Mikir: all N. Cachar Hills. Man's 3-piece brass toilet set on a ring, black bamboo quiver with cane cap and case for cane bow-strings containing 2 barbed and poisoned iron-headed arrows nocked and fletched with leaf, bell-shaped rattle-drum of wood containing pellets, covered with lizard-skin and with small drumstick on a cord, Chulikata Mishmi, Upper Siam. Prcsented by J.P. Mills, M.A., I.C.S. Long side-blast trumpet, with apical stop, of wood bound over with lizard-skin, W. Madi, Uganda-Sudan border. Presented by G. D. Hale Carpenter, D.Sc. Very large carved wooden side-blast trumpet cut from the solid with a jointed carved terminal fitting onto the apex, used as symbol of authority, Winde, E. African Coast. Presented by Mrs. Bevington. Very small kwe, digging stick weight, from a cave at Klipheuvel, Fraserburg, S. Africa. Presented by J.G. Van Alphen. Four small pottery saucer lamps with lip, ?Kashmir. Presented by W.H.B. Somerset, M.A. Pair of girl's thick-soled embroidered shoes, China. Presented by Mrs. Shuffrey. Hollow wooden single-membrane drum played by women at dances, Ibo, Okigwi, S. Nigeria. Presented by J.M. Humphrey. Three tubular basketry rat-traps lined with thorny twigs, flexible rat-trap with cane-strip ends turned inwards tbe canework also contracts against rat's egress, 2 decorated pottery bowls, 2 hand-bells made of iron pellet-bells bound to handles, Azande; wooden gong, with 2 carved female heads at the ends showing fashionable cranial elongation, cut from the solid, with striker, Mangbettu; 4 spears with pointed heads of wood (3) and antelope's horn (1) affixed with a hide collar cut from a tail, ? Shilluk, White Nile; parrying-shield of wood with carved-out grip, Dinka; 3 dance-shields with tapering ends of similar form to above cut from the solid, girl's dance-stick with terminal knob, bark-cloth beater made of the tip of an elephant's tusk, wooden stool with hide-wrapped column, 2 tripod head-rests cut from tree branches, 2 loop-handled bags made of the scrota of large animals, engravcd tobacco pipe bowl of red pottery, hobbling cord for cattle with double noose, 2 rope slings for carrying pots, cattle-collar of large palm nuts, ditto of large nut.shell bells with wooden clappers, single cattle-bell of nutshell, ditto of iron, 2 hair tassels hung on necks of cattle, hair fringe cattle-collar, dance-rattle of plaited palm-leaf capsules, wooden wedding-staff wrapped with iron and brass bands, 2 toothed iron fighting armlets, wooden friction instruments for divining, strong raw-hide noose and wheel-trap for large animals, Nuer. The above collected in the Sudan and presented by Dr. E. Evans-Pritchard. Specimens collected by the late R. B. Townshend, viz.  Nineteen specimens of Hopi painted hand-made pottery including 3 bowls representing masks, round coloured wicker-work platter, 3 ditto of coiled basketry, Hopi; beaded deer-skin pouch, Arizona. Also books, photographs, maps, &c. Presented by the Executors of Mrs. Townshend.  Specimens collected on St. Kilda, 1889, viz.:— Horse-hair snare used with a rod to noose fulmars gannets, series of snares on a cord to catch puffins, piece of horse-hair rope, fulmar-petrel oil for crusie lamps. Presented by  H.M. Wallis. Specimens collected in N. of Adelaide, S. Australia, from natives c. 1859, viz.:— Two wooden clubs pointed both ends, I ditto with conical head, plain slightly curved boomerang, narrow parrying shield with incised designs inlaid with lime, broad shield with pointed ends similarly ornamented. Also tripod head-rest cut from a branch, long necklet of big wooden beads, Zulu; 2 passes (dated 1829, 1836) given to convicts leaving Hobart for domestic service, Tasmania. Presented by Major W.F. Anstey. Iron deed-chest c. 200 years old, ring spring-padlock with screw-key (XIX cent.), percussion pistol with six revolving barrels (XIX cent.), English. Presented by James Rose, M.A. Specimens collected by donor from the Munshi (Tiv) pagan tribes, Wukari district, Benue Prov., N. Nigeria, viz.:— Gourd decorated with abrus seeds and black feathers into which sounds imitating the nightjar, an evil spirit incarnate, are made during the rites of the Mbatsav secret society, coco-nut similarly decorated and similarly used to imitate the owl and its spirit, fur-covered gourd cup similarly used to imitate the voice of the nocturnal civet cat, notched whistle of a small antelope horn covered with owl's feathers and edged with abrus seeds similarly used to imitate the note of a small owl, end whistle of ditto covered with hawk's feathers to imitate the whistle of a small hawk, 3 voice-disguisers of bone with vibrating membrane, with respectively pottery, bone, and wooden representations of human heads with human hair, decorated with abrus seeds, used at a secret society to simulate spirit voices, I ditto of brass cast by cire-perdue process in the form of human figure similarly used but without the membrane, I ditto with pottery head, human skull decorated with abrus seeds and tin pendants mounted on a bone voice-disguiser without the membrane, used in a burial ritual, fly-whisk of an animal's tail with handle wound with brass and topper, iron dagger with brass hilt and leather sheath. Presented by Capt. R.M. Downs. Flint implements, &c., excavated by Miss D. Garrod in Mugharet-el-Wad, Mount Carmel, Palestine, viz.: From layer B (Mesolithic)—pigmy lunate implements, awls pointed " gravette " types, ? sickle-flints, &c. From layer C (Aurignacian-Capsian)—Core-scrapers, end scrapers, duck-bill scrapers, " grattoirs a museau ", &c.  From layer D1 (Middle Aurignacian)—racloirs, grattoirs, duck-bill scrapers, " grattoirs a museau ", core-scrapers, &c. From layer D2 (Middle Aurignacian)—racloirs, grattoirs, "grattoirs a museau", keeled scrapers, core-scrapers, I burin, &c. From layer E (Lower Middle Aurignacian)—grattoirs, "grattoirs a museau", core-scrapers, awls of "gravette " type,&c. Some 500 specimens in all. Presented by the British School of Archaeology, Jerusalem.

ACCESSIONS BY PURCHASE.
Three-ball boleras, the balls covered with hide, pair of ornamental leather stirrups, Uruguay; wooden head-rest, Ancient Egypt; sperm-whale tooth, tambua, perforated for a cord, Fiji Islands; 5 armlets of leather and bead-work, grass-work ditto, no locality, 3 carved and painted bark dance-belts, New Guinea (Stevens). Late palaeolithic stone. implements from the Vezere and Dordogne, viz.  3 carinate scrapers, core-scraper of "Tarte" type, doub "grattoir a museau", end-scraper, Le Ruth, near Le Moustier; 12 carinate scrapers, 9 "grattoirs a museau", "grattoir tarte", 3 end-scrapers (one double), thin-edged knife-scraper, Aurignacian, Miremont; 5 carinate scrapers, 10 burins, 6 "becs de perroquet", 2 "pointes a cran", half of an unfinished "laurel leaf" chert blade, half of a fine ditto blade of chalcedony, 7 small leaf-shaped blades showing fine Solutrean flaking, 2 double-ended duck-bill scrapers, 2 flakes finely worked to a point, 2 large flakes with marginal trimming, 2 upper canine teeth of reindeer perforated for suspension, Soulaleve, near Tremolat (Leyssalles).  Fine pointed-ovate core implement (Acheulian facies) from the lowest Moustierian layer, Le Moustier rock shelter,Vezere; ditto from the lowest layer at Combe Capelle; Moustierian racloir, 2 carinate scrapers, flint fragment with "grattoir a museau" on a spur, Combe Capelle. Double-ended burin, combined burin and end-scraper, Le Ruth; carinate scraper, 4 burins, small disc flaked over both sides, La Rochette (Aurignacian). Double duck-bill scraper, and a burin, Madeleinean, piece of breccia with red ochre ground for paint, ditto with piece of engraved rib-bone, Grotte des Eyzies; core-scraper ("Tarte" type), end-scraper of Pressigny flint, Les Eyzies  (Lhaumond). Specimens collected from the Tivi (Munshi) tribe, Benue Prov., N. Nigeria, viz.:— Ring-handled dagger, European bayonet used as a sword, with hide scabbard, parade axe mounted with ornamental brass castings, large oval lidded basket, sachel of red native leather, ditto of mat-work, small woven mat, tobacco pipe with black pottery bowl in human form, ditto ditto shaped like a stool, iron ember-tongs for lighting pipes, 2 gourd snuff-flasks ornamented with seeds set in rubber, carved wooden snuff-taking plate, 2 ditto of cast-brass worn on the finger, 1 ditto ditto with two birds in relief, 2 carved wooden hair-combs, large bone finger-ring, armlet (?) made of a copper rod, 3 penannular arm-rings of brass and copper cast by cire-perdue process,7 ditto ditto with engraved and punched designs, l plain brass ditto, small hour-glass-shaped drum with double membrane, and bracing cords to vary the tone, necklet of coloured bead-work, spirally coiled basket patterned with black and brown binding-weft. (K. Dewar). Plaster cast of a large flint implement flaked all over with curved cutting edge and flat back, from the latest Madelainean Iayer in M. Maury's excavations in Des Marseilles; cast of aspear-head of reindeer antler barbed on one side, Madelainean, Laugerie Basse (Mme. Maury). Two narrow wooden parrying-shields with cut-out grip, ditto engraved and painted, Victoria or New South Wales; ditto, New South Wales; ditto with angular surfaces front and back, ditto with flat front, Victoria; thin oval carved shield with projecting parrying ends, Victoria or N.S.W.; lozenge-shaped ditto with grip of an inserted curved stick, 2 narrow parrying shields with flat surface grooved and painted, W. Australia; small pointed oval shield ? for dances, small stout pointed-oval shield carved and painted, Queensland; 2 sub-rectangular shields painted red and white, ? ibid.; very heavy broad-curved shield with grip cut out in relief, Australia; short club with mushroom-like head, ? E. Australia; club with forked head, Queensland; 2 clubs with fusiform heads, carved all over, heavy club with pick-head set at a wide angle, Victoria; light reed spear with pointed hard-wood foreshaft, cupped for spear thrower, spear with quartzite-flake blade, cupped for spear thrower, long-shafted spear with 3 inset wooden blade carved with a double row of " barbs " with points meeting, N. Australia; 2 spear throwers with carved-out hooks, Victoria; ditto but with flat central oval expansion, ibid.; ditto with hook of kangaroo incisor, ditto with wooden peg set in gum, ? S. Australia; lath-like ditto with peg, and with chert chisel-blade at the other end, W. Australia; straight rod ditto with peg, C. Australia; lath-like flat ditto with peg and notched grip, N. Australia; long narrow ditto with peg in plane with the edge, Queensland; very large broad ditto with peg as above and white shell counterpoise, N. Queensland; broad-bladed ditto with peg overlying the surface, W. Australia; shallow wooden painted food-bowl, Australia; large dilly bag of string and human hair, ? Queensland. Short heavy carved club with expanded head, Samoan Islands; very short broad paddle-shaped wooden glaive, small model of single-outrigger canoe, Savage Island; 2 engraved bamboo blow-guns with inner tubes, Sakai, Selangor; 2 wooden ditto each with spear-blade lashed to the muzzle, Sarawak; heavy wooden two-edged club with squared end, ? British Guiana; long feathered reed-shafted bird-arrow with 2 small wooden bars lashed in a cross on the top, Yuracare, Bolivia; ceremonial bamboo spear with double-barbed palm-wood head decorated with cotton binding set with short feathers, S. America; wooden distaff made of a small bough with 2 branches looped and fixed in the shaft, carved and painted, Delphi, Greece, 1893; pair of metal spurs with long spiked rowels, Spanish Mexican; wooden oil-scoop, Dodgers Cove, Vancouver Island. Long spatulate hard-wood glaive, Marquisas Islands; spatulate staff with end-to base cone design in relief painted red and black, Buka, N. Solomon Islands; long bamboo tobacco pipe, Torres Straits; spatulate palm-wood implement perhaps for caulking canoes, Fiji Islands; composite hair-comb with wooden teeth bound with fine string-work, New Caledonia; woman's grass-work belt, Parapara, Banks Islands; engraved bamboo rod worn in the ear-lobe, Tikopia, Santa Cruz Islands; ?hair-ornament of palm leaf edged with coix seeds, Melanesia; head-plume of grey feathers, N. Australia; necklet of red and yellow beans, Finke River, Central S. Australia; cotton dance-ornament with nut-shell pendants, N.E. Brazil; pair of deer-skin moccasins with trade-bead ornament, Shahaptian type, Oregon, Idaho, U.S.A.; model of 2-masted sailing boat with rudimentary dug-out keel and plank sides, ? Ceylon; pear-shaped wooden snuff-box, ? Kenya Colony; egg-cup-shaped snuff-flask of wood, ?S. Africa; 2-handled pot with painted geometric designs, ? Kabyle, Algeria; cupping-horn with terminal carved goat's head and lateral hole, ?locality, small socketed copper harpoon-head, ?Ibo, Lower Niger River (J.T. Hooper). Obsolete trowel dug up at the University Museum. Old iron fox-trap, fiddle with tinned iron body and wooden neck with bow and case (c. 45 years old) (J. Meads). "Swan-necked" boomerang; wooden spear-thrower with hook cut from the solid, Victoria, Australia (Sir F. Knowles). Three numori, ancient carved steatite human figures placed in fields to promote fertility of the crops, Mendi, Sierra Leone, W. Africa (Mrs. L.C. Kemp).
                
ACCESSIONS ON LOAN.
Reaper's finger-stalls of cane (3) with leather thumb-stall, to protect the left hand from the sickle, Isernia, Abruzzi, Italy (Miss E. Canziani).

HENRY BALFOUR