No scan for this photo
2001.59.1.54.2 (Print)
2001.59.1.54.2 (Print)
Hugh E. Richardson
Hugh Richardson
1940 - 1948
Lhasa > Jokhang (main entrance from Doring house)
2001.59.1.54.2
121 x 143.5 mm
Ritual Activity , Worshipping
Print silver , Enlargement
Donated August 2001
The executors of the estate of Hugh E. Richardson
Hugh E. Richardson
Notes on print - 'The Torma at the Lugong ceremony' (in pencil) is written on the reverse of print in Richardson's hand. Also, the initials 'V.A.' in red ink are written in the bottom right hand corner. [KC 31/7/2006]
Manual Catalogues - Notes on negative index - Folio 54. 'THE GTOR MA'. [KC 17/7/2006]
Manual Catalogues - Richardson's Hand List: Negative album No.1 nos. 53-58 "The gtor-ma (or zor ) is brought out, and carried southwards past the Jo-khang." [KC 21/7/2006]
Technical Information - This image seems to have been taken with a Zeiss Super Ikonta C camera. This was a 6x9 format camera but came with a film plane mask that enabled 6x4.5 images to be taken. This enabled 16 images to be taken on a roll of 120 film as opposed to 8 without the mask [MS 6/10/2005]
Research publication - Hugh E. Richardson, Ceremonies of the Lhasa Year , 1993, London: Serindia Publications, p. 68. 'The torma'. [This image is used to illustrate the taking of the torma from the Jokhang to the place where it is destroyed during the ceremony of the 'Demon-Ransom King' (glud 'gong rgyal po) which took place on the 29th day of the second month. This is confimed by the caption written on the reverse of the print of this negative (2001.59.1.54.2), 'The Torma at the Lugong ceremony'. Richardson may not have had a good photograph of the Torma taken at the time of the Monlam Torgya so used this one taken during the Lugong gyalpo, instead. [KC 24/7/2006]
Other Information - Background: See Hugh E. Richardson, Ceremonies of the Lhasa Year , 1993, London: Serindia Publications, pp 39-49 for a description of the Monlam Torgya ( mon lam gtor rgyag) ceremony. "The ceremony of Monlam Torgya is the longest and the most spectacular event of the New Year celebrations. It is the high point of the Yaso's tenure of office and the day for which the Tsisher was the preparation. (p. 39) ... the torma, in which all evil influences are stored, is brought out ... . It is a tall pyramidal structure with fretwork wings surmounted by a grinning skull mask with a spear and a small umbrella on top. The standards and torma are taken off down the Barkor ..." (p.45) [KC 21/7/2006]
Other Information - Dates: This photograph was probably taken after 1939 as the structure that previously stood over the bench where the Shengo would sit during ceremonies in the First month of the Tibetan year has been removed. Between 1940 and 1948 alterations were made to the Jokhang, an additional window was placed in the wall on the left of the image and the small roofed structure was removed. This has assisted the dating of this image [MS 17/6/2006]
For Citation use:
The Tibet Album.
"The Torma at Lugong Gyalpo outside the Jokhang"
05 Dec. 2006. The Pitt Rivers Museum.
<http://tibet.prm.ox.ac.uk/photo_2001.59.1.54.2.html>.
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